• 12.1 Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Group

• 12.2 Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones

• 12.3 Physical Properties

• 12.4 Chemical Reactions

• 12.5 Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones

• 12.6 Nomenclature and Structure of Carboxyl Group

• 12.7 Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids

• 12.8 Physical Properties

• 12.9 Chemical Reactions

• 12.10 Uses of Carboxylic Acids